What is Kurtosis?Kurtosis is a statistical measure that describes the shape of a distribution’s tails in relation to its overall shape. Specifically, it quantifies whether the data are heavy-tailed or light-tailed compared to a normal distribution. In simpler terms, kurtosis tells us about the propensity of a distribution to produce outliers:High kurtosis: Data have heavy tails

Understanding Kurtosis

In statistics, probability models help us understand and predict the likelihood of various outcomes. Two fundamental types of probability models are the Classical Probability Model and the Relative Frequency Probability Model. Each serves a unique purpose and is based on different principles. Let’s look at these models with practical examples to illustrate their applications and

Probability: Classical and Empirical Approaches

Types of Data Nominal: Categorical data without an inherent order. Ordinal: Categorical data with a defined order but not evenly spaced. Interval: Numerical data with equal intervals but no true zero. Ratio: Numerical data with equal intervals and a true zero. Measures of Central Tendency Provide a central value for the data set. Mean (Average):

Descriptive Statistics Cheat Sheet

In a world governed by order and predictability, the concept of randomness introduces a fresh breath of uncertainty and surprise. Random numbers have always held a unique charm and significance, finding applications in various fields like statistics, cryptography, computer simulations, and even in everyday decision-making. As we delve into the realm of randomness, let’s also

Random Number Generator

In the quest to gauge attitudes and perceptions, researchers often turn to a trusted tool known as the Likert Scale. Named after psychologist Rensis Likert introduced it in 1932, this scale has become a staple in the toolkit of many researchers across disciplines. It offers a simple, intuitive way for respondents to express their feelings

Likert Scale

Understanding the terms ‘Dependent’ and ‘Independent’ variables is essential in research and data analysis. These variables help us know more about the relationships and trends among our study data. However, knowing the difference between them can sometimes be confusing. This post will explain these terms, show their differences, and provide a quick reference summary. Dependent Variables:A

Dependent and Independent Variables